Journal of Critical Reviews (JCR); The Iranian Journal of Critical Studies in Place

fa اهمیت رویکرد چندمقیاسی در طرح جامع شهری The Necessity of Enhancing Resilience and Employing A Multi-Scale Approach in Urban Master Plans عمومى General پژوهشي Research رشد شتابان جمعیت شهر تهران در دهه‌های اخیر، ناشی از مهاجرت گسترده و افزایش قیمت مسکن،  منجر به گسترش شهرک‌های اقماری پر تراکم در حومه شده است.  با وجود هدف‌گذاری این پروژه‌ها برای حل بحران جمعیت و ارتقای بهره‌وری اقتصادی،  بررسی‌ها نشان می‌دهد که مؤلفه‌های پایداری اجتماعی و نیازهای واقعی ساکنان، کم‌ترین توجه را دریافت کرده‌‌اند. حذف ساختارمحله‌ای در طرح‌های جامع و رویکرد کالایی به زمین از سوی طراحان،  سبب کاهش نقش فضاهای شهری به سکونتگاه‌هایی منفعل و فاقد تعاملات اجتماعی شده است.  این سکونتگاه‌ها، که پذیرای مهاجرانی با زمینه های فرهنگی متنوع هستند، ترکیب اجتماعی پیچیده‌ای را  ایجاد کرده و در کنار مشکلات اقتصادی،  بی‌ثباتی‌ مالی،  ضعف زیرساخت‌ها و فشارهای زسیت‌محیطی،  تاب‌آوری شهری را به شدت تضعیف می‌کنند. این پژوهش با تبیین مفهوم تاب‌‌آوری و تحلیل سیستم شهری به عنوان یک موجود پویا،  بر ضرورت رویکرد چند مقیاسی در برنامه‌ریزی شهری تأکید می‌کند. نتایج نشان می‌دهد که مقیاس محله،  به‌عنوان هسته اصلی بافت شهری و بستر تعاملات روزمره،  نقش حیاتی در پایداری اجتماعی دارد.  ازاین رو پیشنهاد می‌شود که طرح‌های جامع،  توسعه شهری را در سطوح مختلف -  از محله تا شهرک، ناحیه، منطقه و کلان‌شهر- ارزیابی کرده و ارتباط وهم پوشانی لایه‌های اجتماعی و محیطی را در فرآیند تصمیم‌گیری لحاظ کنند. اتخاذ چنین رویکردی می‌تواند ضمن افزایش تاب‌آوری، به ایجاد فضاهای شهری کارامدتر و پایدارترمنجر شود.             In recent decades, with the increase in Tehran's population due to high migration from other cities and housing affordability challenges, the construction of densely populated satellite towns in suburban areas has gained popularity in urban projects. However, research and empirical evidence suggest that in such mass development projects, primarily aimed at addressing the population crisis and driven by an economic efficiency approach, the community, which is the fundamental factor for social stability, receives minimal attention. This ultimately leads to a weakening of resilience and severe social instability at various urban scales. On one hand, master plans with a governance approach in mass development projects eliminate the neighbourhood system. On the other hand, designers, by neglecting social sustainability concepts as the main guarantee of urban project success, focus solely on economic issues, viewing these urban spaces as mere turbulent settlements. These settlements, formed by migrants from different cities with different cultural perspectives living together, impose a complex social layer on the region. The social challenges created, often alongside economic challenges, financial instability, environmental issues, and urban infrastructure weaknesses, exert significant pressure on the urban fabric as a dynamic socio-ecological system. This research aims to highlight the importance of using a multi-scale approach in top-down plans, emphasizing the role of the neighbourhood scale as the main shaper of urban structure and the soul of the city for daily life and urban social interactions. Therefore, it is expected that master plans examine urban development projects at various scales, from neighbourhoods to satellite towns, districts, regions, and cities, overlapping complex social layers with environmental layers for analysis and understanding. In recent decades, with the increase in Tehran's population due to high migration from other cities and housing affordability challenges, the construction of densely populated satellite towns in suburban areas has gained popularity in urban projects. However, research and empirical evidence suggest that in such mass development projects, primarily aimed at addressing the population crisis and driven by an economic efficiency approach, the community, which is the fundamental factor for social stability, receives minimal attention. This ultimately leads to a weakening of resilience and severe social instability at various urban scales. On one hand, master plans with a governance approach in mass development projects eliminate the neighbourhood system. On the other hand, designers, by neglecting social sustainability concepts as the main guarantee of urban project success, focus solely on economic issues, viewing these urban spaces as mere turbulent settlements. These settlements, formed by migrants from different cities with different cultural perspectives living together, impose a complex social layer on the region. The social challenges created, often alongside economic challenges, financial instability, environmental issues, and urban infrastructure weaknesses, exert significant pressure on the urban fabric as a dynamic socio-ecological system. This research aims to highlight the importance of using a multi-scale approach in top-down plans, emphasizing the role of the neighbourhood scale as the main shaper of urban structure and the soul of the city for daily life and urban social interactions. Therefore, it is expected that master plans examine urban development projects at various scales, from neighbourhoods to satellite towns, districts, regions, and cities, overlapping complex social layers with environmental layers for analysis and understanding.   طرح جامع, شهرک‌های اقماری, تاب‌آوری اجتماعی, رویکرد چند مقیاس, محله master plan, satellite towns, social resilience, multi-scale approach, neighbourhood 10 15 http://jcr-sj.com/browse.php?a_code=A-10-1-9&slc_lang=fa&sid=1 Sarvin Elahi سروین الهی sarvinelahi1987@gmail.com 100319475328460084 100319475328460084 Yes Ph.D. Student in Landscape Architecture and Urban Planning, University of Technology Sydney